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Locomotion No. 1
''Locomotion'' No. 1 (originally named ''Active'') is the first steam locomotive to carry passengers on a public rail line, the Stockton and Darlington Railway. Built by George and Robert Stephenson's company Robert Stephenson and Company in 1824.
== Design ==
Locomotion used all the improvements that George Stephenson had pioneered in the Killingworth locomotives. It used high-pressure steam from a centre-flue boiler, with a steam-blast in the chimney, to drive two vertical cylinders, enclosed within the boiler. A pair of yokes above them transmitted the power downwards, through pairs of connecting rods. It made use of a loose eccentric valve gear, and was the first locomotive to use coupling rods to link its the driving wheels together, rather than through a chain or gears. Because of the single flu, it had a poor heating surface compared to later steam locomotives.
This locomotive is historically important as being the first to run on a public railway, rather than for the innovations in its design. It hauled the first train on the Stockton and Darlington Railway on 27 September 1825.
On 1 July 1828, the boiler exploded at station, killing the driver John Cree. With advances in design such as those incorporated into Robert Stephenson's ''Rocket'', ''Locomotion'' became obsolete very quickly. It was rebuilt and remained in service until 1841 when it was turned into a stationary engine.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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